Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone drug that is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. However, the exact mechanisms of action for ciprofloxacin are still unknown. It was found that ciprofloxacin induced the inhibition of DNA gyrase, an enzyme that is involved in DNA synthesis and recombination. This study investigated the mechanism of ciprofloxacin-induced inhibition of DNA gyrase. The inhibition of DNA gyrase was evaluated by measuring the expression levels of DNA-gyrase, DNA-hydrolase and DNA-polymerase. Results showed that ciprofloxacin (5 mg/mL) induced the inhibition of DNA gyrase, and DNA-gyrase, DNA-hydrolase and DNA-polymerase were increased in the presence of ciprofloxacin (10 and 20 mg/mL). In addition, the concentration of ciprofloxacin was decreased by 60% and 40% in the presence of ciprofloxacin, respectively, and ciprofloxacin induced the decrease in the concentration of DNA gyrase. Ciprofloxacin is effective against various types of bacterial infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Enterobacter cloacae.
| | | | || |Ciprofloxacin has the following structural formula: Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is an effective drug against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, includingPseudomonas aeruginosaandAcinetobacter baumannii. Ciprofloxacin was found to be effective against Gram-negative bacteria such asP. aeruginosaStaphylococcus aureusIt was found that the inhibitory effect of ciprofloxacin was specific to Gram-positive bacteria, and that the inhibition of DNA gyrase was specific to Gram-negative bacteria.
Ciprofloxacin is used for the treatment of various infections, including infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue. It is also used to treat urinary tract infections and bacterial urinary infections. It is also used in the treatment of certain viral infections, such as the common cold, flu, and influenza. Ciprofloxacin has been used to treat urinary tract infections such as cystitis, pyelonephritis and urethritis.
|The pharmacological mechanism of action for ciprofloxacin is still unknown. The mechanism of action of ciprofloxacin is similar to that of fluoroquinolones, which are used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria. It is believed that ciprofloxacin inhibits the growth of bacteria. Therefore, ciprofloxacin is used in the treatment of various bacterial infections.
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to ciprofloxacin or who have hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin. It is also contraindicated in patients receiving oral ciprofloxacin for any form of bacterial infection.
Ciprofloxacin is known to cause some side effects.
Cipro has been shown to cause some side effects. Talk to your health care provider if these mild reactions do not go away within a few days.
Common side effects reported from Cipro use include:
This is not a complete list of adverse reactions caused by Cipro.Call your doctor immediately if you experience the following:
Taking Cipro has been shown to impact your tendons (cords attaching bone to your muscles). It can increase your risk of developing tendonitis or a tendon rupture, especially if you’re over 60, taking steroid medications, or have a history of tendon problems.
Cipro can interact with other medications and substances, causing potentially serious side effects or allergic reactions. Tell your doctor if you are taking muscle relaxers such as tizanidine (Zanaflex), phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as sildenafil, anticoagulants (blood thinners), antidepressants, antipsychotics, diuretics, insulin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen.
This is not a complete list of Cipro drug interactions, so discuss any medications you’re on, even if you don’t see them listed here. Cipro can cause low blood sugar in some patients. Be wary of low blood pressure symptoms such as blurred vision, fatigue, confusion, pale skin, and cold sweats. Watch for these adverse effects if you have diabetes, and take diabetes medication orally. These could be signs of hypoglycemia and could lead to unconsciousness.
The U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has found that, while rare, fluoroquinolone antibiotics like Cipro can increase the occurrence of severe ruptures or tears in your aorta (a large artery that begins in the heart). These ruptures can lead to dangerous aortic bleeding, a heart attack, or even death, so people at risk for cardiac problems should be cautious about taking Cipro.
Be sure to tell your doctor if you have been diagnosed with or have a history of other medical conditions, including a prolonged QT interval (a rare heart problem that may cause an irregular heartbeat, fainting, or sudden death), aneurysms, kidney disease, liver disease, heart disease, myasthenia gravis (severe muscle weakness), seizures, or diabetes. Cipro can also significantly increase theophylline levels in your blood, leading to serious illness or death. This is not a comprehensive list of medical conditions that Cipro may affect, so speak with your doctor about your medical history before taking Cipro.
Cipro can cause your skin to become sensitive to sunlight or ultraviolet light, so try to avoid unnecessary sun exposure and do your best to wear protective clothing, sunglasses, or sunscreen that is SPF 15 or higher. Call your doctor if you notice redness, swelling, or blistering from sun exposure while on Cipro.
As with all prescription medication, inform the prescribing doctor about any medical conditions you have been diagnosed with and any medications or supplements you currently take before starting treatment. Antacids can reduce the amount of Cipro that your body absorbs, so be sure to take them at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking antacid medications.
In addition, let your doctor know if you are breastfeeding, pregnant, or planning on becoming pregnant before starting treatment with this medication.
Also, if you have any of the following conditions,. Remember, this is a read medicine and only treatment.Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. The usual dosage is 500mg twice a day for three days.
The active ingredient of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic is ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin belongs to a group of drugs called azoles. It is an antibiotic that works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Ciprofloxacin inhibits the synthesis of proteins necessary for bacteria to grow. Ciprofloxacin otic can be used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria such as chlamydia, streptococci, certain types of pneumonia, and certain sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhea.
You must complete the full course of antibiotics prescribed by your doctor. Do not skip any doses and finish the full course even if you notice improvement in your symptoms.
You should be able to take this medication for the full course even if your symptoms improve.
Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic is indicated for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections.
It may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic is usually given orally with a meal, ideally 3-5 times daily, as directed by your doctor. The duration of treatment depends upon the type and severity of the infection. It is important to complete the full course even if your symptoms improve. Continue the medication for at least 48 hours after completing the full course of antibiotics, even if you feel better.
If you miss a dose of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Store Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and direct light.
Seek emergency medical attention if you feel chest pain, rapid, severe, or uncontrolled muscle pain, or sudden, severe dizziness. Do not drive, use any other tools, or use machines to administer this drug. If you are experiencing severe muscle pain, weakness, or confusion, get medical help right away. The use of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic can cause permanent discoloration of the teeth.
If you even think about using this medication for a long time, you may get an unwanted side effect. This effect is usually temporary and does not occur at any time during treatment.
Keep Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and direct light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep it out of the reach of children and away from children above the reach of their mouth. Throw away any unused medication after the expiration date.
Inform your doctor of any other medications you are taking to avoid interactions. Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic may interact with other drugs you are taking, especially:
Inform your doctor if you have recently had a heart attack, or are taking medicines that can affect blood pressure, such as certain heart medications. Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Otic can increase the blood pressure level. Check with your doctor before taking this medication if you are pregnant.
Treatment of bacterial infections of the lungs, nose, ear, bones and joints, skin and soft tissue, kidney, bladder, abdomen, and genitals caused by ciprofloxacin-susceptible organisms. Infections may include urinary tract infection, prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infection, otitis media (middle ear infection), sinusitis, skin, bone and joint infections, infectious diarrhea, typhoid fever, and gonorrhea.
May be taken with or without food. May be taken w/ meals to minimise GI discomfort. Do not take w/ antacids, Fe or dairy products.
Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones. History or risk of QT prolongation; known history of myasthenia gravis. Concomitant use with tizanidine.
Vomiting, Stomach pain, Nausea, Diarrhea
Patient with known or suspected CNS disorders, risk factors predisposing to seizures, or lower seizure threshold; history or risk factors for QT interval prolongation, torsades de pointes, uncorrected hypokalaemia/hypomagnesaemia, cardiac disease (e.g. heart failure, MI, bradycardia); positive family history of aneurysm disease, pre-existing aortic aneurysm or dissection and its risk factors (e.g. Marfan syndrome, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypertension, peripheral atherosclerotic vascular disease); diabetes, previous tendon disorder (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), G6PD deficiency. Renal and hepatic impairment. Elderly, children. Pregnancy and lactation.
Store between 20-25°C.
Quinolones
Viagra Connect adult (oral)i need prescriptionTicigra (in adult)Tocra (in adult)
Active Ingredients ciprofloxacin Sildenafil Citrate, 25 mgCiprofloxacinfloxacinis a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent used to treat a wide range of infections caused by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It may be used in some instances to treat sinusitis, urinary tract infections, certain aortic aneurysm (wounds) and infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Because of the risk of QT prolongation, ticigra (Viagra Connect) must be prescribed in an doses and prescribed duration as low as possible to minimize this risk. When prescribed for children, the oral dose should be limited to a dose range of 25-100 mg/day and the daily dose should be limited to 25 mg/day. In adult patients, the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration is used. Ticigra should not be given to children below the age of 8 years.
The safety and efficacy of ticigra in pregnancy have not been established. The medication is generally considered safe in children but may be excreted in breast milk and may be excreted in the diet. Ticigra should not be used in women who are postmenopausal, or who are pregnant or who are currently breastfeeding. There have been concerns (and are concerns related to the potential for QT prolongation) that ticigra may prolong the QT interval. Do not administer ticigra to pregnant women unless absolutely required. Pregnant women can safely take ticigra during or shortly after intercourse. Ticigra should not be given to nursing infants.
Ticigra should not be given to pregnant women unless absolutely required.
Stade de France Pharmacy